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sarais (dharamshala; inns), Udaipur. Agrawal Sarai; Champalal Dharamshala; Fateh Memorial; Jain Sarai Digambar; Maji-ki-Sarai.
Sarangdeo. There were a couple of leading members of clans who had this name. They came from Kanor (Choondawat), and Kotharia (Chauhan).
Sarangdeo, uncle of Maharana Raimal, and great-uncle of Crown Prince Prithvi Raj, Sanga (Sangram Singh), and Jaimal. He sided with Sangram Singh in his fraternal battle with Prithvi Raj (see SANGA AND PRITHVI RAJ), then joined the boys' uncle (Maharana Raimal's brother), Surajmal, in a vicious civil war against Raimal (see PRITHVI RAJ, CROWN PRINCE). After the battles, during which his son, Limba was slain, he retired to his jagir at Batheda, where he was murdered one morning by Prithvi Raj. Saddened by the loss of his uncle, Maharana Raimal gave Sarangdeo's jagir to the nobleman's son, Jagga.
Sarangdeo, a feudal lord of Kanod, son of AJJA.
Sarangdevot, one of the leading clans of Mewar; of the SISODIA family.
Sarasvati, Brahma's consort, the Goddess of Learning. She rides upon a white swan and holds the stringed musical instrument known as a veena.
Saraswati Bhawan (Building), Udaipur; also known as Victoria Hall, the Government Library located at Gulab Bagh in the SAJJAN NIWAS GARDEN.
Sardar (often spelled Sirdar), (Hindi) a title, chieftain or nobleman, a leader; also an honorific used among Sikhs. See also SARDARNI.
Sardar Kanwar Jahli, Rajmata (Queen Mother), sometimes shown as Jhali Sardarkanwar, Sardar Kunwar(i), or Rajmata Khali(ji), from the town of GOGUNDA; widow of Maharana ARI SINGH II (1761-1773), who acted as Regent for his two infant sons, her own son, Maharana HAMIR SINGH II (1773-1778), then the son of another of Amar Singh's widows, Jaigais Kanwar, BHIM SINGH (1778-1828). Kanwar Jhali was an imperious woman who supported the CHOONDAWAT faction at Court and, until the time of her death, totally controlled the affairs of the State. As Hamir Singh was still only eleven years of age when he was crowned, his mother eventually acted as his Regent, taking over administration of the kingdom from Maharaj Bagh Singh and Maharaj Arjun Singh. She was a ruthless and power-hungry woman and, to the distress of the Government, ruled according to her own will. The leading clan, the Choondawats, were by tradition the power brokers in the Government; this continually annoyed their ambitious rivals, the Saktawat clan. Fearful that the influential Choondawats might erode her power, Sardar Kanwar managed to get the Saktawats on her side. Due to her rising influence, the Rajmata's maidens also became very bold in their attitude towards the nobles. One day, the Queen Mother's favourite maiden, a GOLI or hereditary slave by the name of RAMPIYARI, by nature an arrogant and proud woman herself, insulted the ageing AMAR CHAND, an important ex-Prime Minister and still a government minister. In rage, Amar Chand rebuked the woman, calling her a prostitute. Rampiyari reported his behaviour to her mistress. The Rajmata, furious at the treatment of one of her maidens, demanded the help of Rawat Bhim Singh, the Choondawat chieftain of Salumbar to get rid of him (possibly with poison). However, discovering the Queen Mother's nefarious plan, the Minister quickly retired to his residence and sent all his jewellery and belongings to Rawat Bhim Singh's father, Janani Dyodhi. He then visited Dyodhi in person and said, "My duty is to think of you and your son's welfare. Instead of opposing me you should co-operate with me. In getting rid of me, she (the Rajmata) is trying to maintain her power at Court." In a Court so full of intrigue, every secret quickly became public knowledge. Hearing of Amar Chand's attempt to discredit her, the ruthless Rajmata Sardar Kanwar acted quickly and poisoned Amar Chand herself. She maintained her powerful position in Mewar until her son, Hamir, came of age.
Sardar Kunwar Jhali: see SARDAR KANWAR JHALI.
Sardar Singh. There were several leading members of clans who had this name. They came from Banera (Sisodia); Jharol (Jhala); Roopnagar (Solanki); Sardargarh (Dodia Rajput); Sardar Singh, a Choondawat chief of Bhadesar; and Sardar Singh, eldest of the four sons of Maharaj Shivdan Singh of BAGORE; Maharana Jawan Singh, who had no natural heir, adopted him and, in 1838, Sardar Singh became the new Maharana.
Sardar Singh, Maharana (b. August 29, 1798─d. July 14, 1842), sixty-ninth ruler of Mewar (r. 1838-1842); succeeded Maharana JAWAN SINGH; he was enthroned September 4, 1838 at the age of 40, and ruled from Udaipur. Originally the son of SHIVDAN SINGH of Bagore, he was adopted by Jawan who had no heir. In turn, Sardar had no heir and adopted the younger of his two brothers, SWAROOP SINGH who succeeded him (see CURSE OF MEWAR). Sardar Singh ruled for four undistinguished years, during which time quarrels continued at Court and the debt to the British increased.
Sardargarh (Dodia), a town on the right bank of the Chandrabhaga, about 31 km. northeast of Udaipur; the thikana (estate) of the Dodia Rajputs from Kathiawar (now Gujarat), descendants of Dhawal, son of Siha Dodia. Their title is 'Thakur'. During the reign of Maharana Lakha (1382-1421), Lakha's mother went on a pilgrimage to Dwarka in Kathiawar. There, members of the Kaba tribe attacked the Mewaris. Rao Siha died, fighting to protect the Mewaris. In return for this brave act, the Maharana brought Siha's son, Dhawal to Mewar and gave him the jagirs of Ratanganh, Nandrai, and Masuda. During the reign of Maharana Raimal (1473-1509) when Mandu Sultan Ghiyas-ud-Din attacked Mewar, Dhawal's great-grandson, Kishan, fought most gallantly. And in Maharana Udai Singh II's reign (1537-1572), Sardargarh Bhim Singh fought against Emperor Akbar at the third sack of Chittor.
Genealogy: Dhawal; Sal; Nahar Singh; Kishan Singh; Karan Singh; Bhan; Sanda; Bhim Singh; Gopaldas; Jai Singh; Naval Singh; Indrabhan; Sardar Singh; Samant Singh; Rod Singh; Zorawar Singh; Manohar Singh; Sohan Singh; Laxman Singh; Amar Singh; Man Singh.
Sardarni, the wife of a Sikh.
Sardarpura, a northern suburb of Udaipur.
Sardul Singh, eldest son of Sher Singh, ruler of the jagir of Bagore. Sardul attempted to poison his uncle, Maharana SWAROOP SINGH in a takeover bid for the throne of Mewar, but was arrested and sent to prison, where he died. Ironically, Maharana Swaroop Singh adopted Sardul's son, Shambhu Singh, who succeeded him, despite the vile act of Shambhu's father. See also SHER SINGH AND THE BAGORE LINE.
sarpech, (Hindi) an ornament worn on the turban.
Sarwania, the mercantile caste of Mewar; also a thikana of Mewar (now in Gwalior).
Sas Temple, Nagda: see SAS-BAHU TEMPLES.
sasan, (Hindi) a religious grant of land to Brahmans, Ascetics, Charans, and Bhats, by royal decree and rent-free; the recipients pay nothing but some miscellaneous taxes. The grant is inalienable, but the property can be mortgaged.
Sas-Bahu Temple, Chittorgarh; a Jain SWETAMBER temple that is also known as the Kund of Banmata, Annapurna. As Maharana Shambhu Singh (1867) repaired it, it is also called Shambhu Kunj.
Sas-Bahu Temples, twin Vaishnava temples (i.e., dedicated to Lord Vishnu), Nagda, 24 km. north of Udaipur, and not far from the famous EKLINGJI TEMPLE. Today, they are sometimes colloquially called the 'mother-in-law and daughter-in-law' temples, however, their original names were Sahastra-Bahu, erected by Raja Sharidhar of Nagda in the 11th century. Both are ornamented with erotic carvings similar in style to those at Khajuraho, however the temple of Sas (mother-in-law), surrounded by ten subsidiary shrines, is larger and more impressive than Bahu (daughter-in-law), which has only four shrines. They are situated in a quiet valley some distance from the main road, on the edge of a small lake, where several later structures have submerged. Nearby is another Jain temple, ADBHUTJI (which means 'peculiar'), which was built during the reign of Maharana KUMBHA (1433-1468) and is named after a three-metre-high image of the Jain saint, Shanti Nath, enshrined inside. In the year 2000, miscreants stole all of the statues in both temples, presumably to be sold as antiques.
Sasural, (Hindi) the home of the in-laws.
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